〜や〜: You use this to list a few things. It means there are other similar things too.

Dictionary

〜や〜

You use this to list a few things. It means there are other similar things too.

N4 KMT3FormalStandardParticleMixedListing NounsGrammar

Noun + や + NounPrimary

You use this to list a few things. It means there are other similar things too.

机の上には本や雑誌などが置いてあります。

There are things like books and magazines on the desk.

PoliteNon PastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeDaily Life Home & Housing

会議には、部長や課長が出席されました。

The department head and the section manager, among others, attended the meeting.

RespectfulPastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeWork & Career Business & Finance

この博物館では、有名な絵画や彫刻は見られません。

In this museum, you cannot see famous paintings or sculptures.

PoliteNon PastNegativeMid SentenceDeclarativeArt & Design Culture & Traditions

北海道や沖縄へは、飛行機で行くのが便利です。

It is convenient to go to places like Hokkaido and Okinawa by plane.

PoliteNon PastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeTravel & Transportation Weather & Geography

昔の日本では、米や絹が税として納められていたそうだ。

I've heard that in old Japan, things like rice and silk were paid as tax.

FormalPastAffirmativeMid SentenceHearsayHistory Politics & Law

This grammar helps you list things. It is like saying 'things like A and B'. It shows there are more things you could list. It is like a small window into a bigger room of items.

This is different from '〜と〜'. That lists everything. '〜や〜' is more formal than '〜とか〜'. '〜とか〜' is for casual talks. '〜や〜' does not show doubt like '〜やら〜' can.

Don't use this when listing verbs or adjectives. For example, you cannot say '食べや飲み' for 'eating and drinking'. This is only for nouns.

Often confused with(1)

〜とか

You use this when you list a few examples. It means '...and things like that'. You use it when you talk in a relaxed way.

Contrasts with(1)

〜と〜

This grammar connects two or more nouns. It means "and." It shows that your list is complete.

More formal alternatives(4)

〜と〜

This grammar connects two or more nouns. It means "and." It shows that your list is complete.

〜とか

You use this when you list a few examples. It means '...and things like that'. You use it when you talk in a relaxed way.

〜やら〜

This grammar lists things. It means "...and...and other things too." You use it when you are unsure or overwhelmed.

〜だの〜

You use this to list a few things as examples. It often shows you are annoyed or complaining about them. It can also just list things in a messy way.

〜と〜

This grammar connects two or more nouns. It means "and." It shows that your list is complete.

Track your mastery

Kumi's KMT system tracks your mastery across kanji, vocabulary, grammar, and reading. Create a free account to use it on 220,000+ concepts.

Dictionary

〜や〜

You use this to list a few things. It means there are other similar things too.

N4 KMT3FormalStandardParticleMixedListing NounsGrammar

Noun + や + NounPrimary

You use this to list a few things. It means there are other similar things too.

机の上には本や雑誌などが置いてあります。

There are things like books and magazines on the desk.

PoliteNon PastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeDaily Life Home & Housing

会議には、部長や課長が出席されました。

The department head and the section manager, among others, attended the meeting.

RespectfulPastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeWork & Career Business & Finance

この博物館では、有名な絵画や彫刻は見られません。

In this museum, you cannot see famous paintings or sculptures.

PoliteNon PastNegativeMid SentenceDeclarativeArt & Design Culture & Traditions

北海道や沖縄へは、飛行機で行くのが便利です。

It is convenient to go to places like Hokkaido and Okinawa by plane.

PoliteNon PastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeTravel & Transportation Weather & Geography

昔の日本では、米や絹が税として納められていたそうだ。

I've heard that in old Japan, things like rice and silk were paid as tax.

FormalPastAffirmativeMid SentenceHearsayHistory Politics & Law

This grammar helps you list things. It is like saying 'things like A and B'. It shows there are more things you could list. It is like a small window into a bigger room of items.

This is different from '〜と〜'. That lists everything. '〜や〜' is more formal than '〜とか〜'. '〜とか〜' is for casual talks. '〜や〜' does not show doubt like '〜やら〜' can.

Don't use this when listing verbs or adjectives. For example, you cannot say '食べや飲み' for 'eating and drinking'. This is only for nouns.

Often confused with(1)

〜とか

You use this when you list a few examples. It means '...and things like that'. You use it when you talk in a relaxed way.

Contrasts with(1)

〜と〜

This grammar connects two or more nouns. It means "and." It shows that your list is complete.

More formal alternatives(4)

〜と〜

This grammar connects two or more nouns. It means "and." It shows that your list is complete.

〜とか

You use this when you list a few examples. It means '...and things like that'. You use it when you talk in a relaxed way.

〜やら〜

This grammar lists things. It means "...and...and other things too." You use it when you are unsure or overwhelmed.

〜だの〜

You use this to list a few things as examples. It often shows you are annoyed or complaining about them. It can also just list things in a messy way.

〜と〜

This grammar connects two or more nouns. It means "and." It shows that your list is complete.

Track your mastery

Kumi's KMT system tracks your mastery across kanji, vocabulary, grammar, and reading. Create a free account to use it on 220,000+ concepts.

〜や〜

Patterns1

Meaning

Examples5

Nuance1

Contrasts1

Restrictions1

Compare with6

Often confused with(1)

Contrasts with(1)

More formal alternatives(4)

Prerequisites1

Track your mastery

〜や〜

Patterns1

Meaning

Examples5

Nuance1

Contrasts1

Restrictions1

Compare with6

Often confused with(1)

Contrasts with(1)

More formal alternatives(4)

Prerequisites1

Track your mastery