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    Dictionary
    1. Dictionary
    2. Grammar
    3. 謹啓

    謹啓

    謹啓

    A highly formal opening for a letter, expressing deep respect to the recipient. It is more formal than '拝啓' (haikei) and is used in solemn or particularly important correspondence.

    KMT6RespectfulStandardDiscourse MarkerWritten OnlyBusiness Letter OpeningsGrammar

    謹啓Primary

    This is a very polite way to start a letter. It shows great respect to the person you are writing to. You use it for very serious or important letters.

    謹きん啓けい 時じ下かますますご清せい栄えいのこととお慶よろこび申もうし上あげます。

    Sincerely, I hope this letter finds you well and prosperous.

    RespectfulNon PastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & Finance
    謹きん啓けい 晩ばん秋しゅうの候こう、貴き社しゃにおかれましてはますますご発はっ展てんのことと拝はい察さついたします。

    Sincerely, in this late autumn season, I trust that your company continues to achieve ever greater development.

    RespectfulNon PastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & FinanceWeather & Geography
    謹きん啓けい 平へい素そは格かく別べつのご支し援えんを賜たまわり、厚あつく御おん礼れい申もうし上あげます。

    Sincerely, we would like to express our deepest gratitude for your constant and exceptional support.

    RespectfulNon PastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & FinanceWork & Career
    謹きん啓けい この度たびの弊へい社しゃ製せい品ひんの不ふ具ぐ合あいにより、多た大だいなるご迷めい惑わくをおかけしましたことを、心こころよりお詫わび申もうし上あげます。

    Sincerely, I wish to offer my deepest apologies for the significant trouble caused by the defect in our company's product on this occasion.

    RespectfulPastNegativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & FinanceTechnology
    謹きん啓けい 先せん日じつは、弊へい社しゃ創そう立りつ五ご十じゅっ周しゅう年ねん記き念ねん祝しゅく賀が会かいにご臨りん席せきを賜たまわり、誠まことにありがとうございました。

    Sincerely, thank you very much for gracing our company's 50th anniversary celebration with your presence the other day.

    RespectfulPastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & FinanceCulture & Traditions

    This is much more formal than 拝啓 (haikei). You use 拝啓 for normal business letters. You use this for very important letters. It is for serious messages. It is also much more formal than 前略 (zenryaku). 前略 means you skip all polite greetings.

    Don't use this when you are speaking. Don't use this for emails. This is for very old-fashioned letters.

    Use this when you start a very formal letter. It shows deep respect. You must also use a special closing word with it. This closing word is usually "謹言" or "敬具". Not using one is very bad manners.

    More formal alternatives(1)

    拝啓

    This is a very polite way to start a letter. It means something like 'Dear Sir or Madam'. You always use it with 'keigu' at the end of the letter.

    拝啓

    This is a very polite way to start a letter. It means something like 'Dear Sir or Madam'. You always use it with 'keigu' at the end of the letter.

    敬具

    This is a polite way to end a formal letter. It is like saying 'Sincerely' in English.

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    Related concepts for this entry

    more_formal_than

    • 拝啓

    prerequisite

    • 敬具
    • 謹白
    • 急啓

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