This shows someone was bothered by another's action. It means something bad happened to them.
Verb [passive form]Primary
This shows someone was bothered by another's action. It means something bad happened to them.
赤ちゃんに夜中に泣かれて、全然眠れなかった。
The baby cried during the night (on me), so I couldn't sleep at all.
急に雨に降られて、服がびしょ濡れになってしまった。
I was caught in a sudden rain, and my clothes got completely soaked.
子供のころ、父に死なれた。
When I was a child, my father died (on me).
親友に先に結婚されたら、ちょっと寂しいかもしれない。
If my best friend gets married before me, I might feel a little lonely.
大事な会議の前に部長に辞められて、本当に困っています。
Our department head quit right before an important meeting, and I'm in a real bind.
This grammar shows you were bothered. It puts your feelings first. It is like saying 'I got rained on' instead of 'It rained'.
This is different from the direct passive. In the direct passive, the thing that gets acted on becomes the subject. But here, the subject is just someone who is bothered by an action. It is also different from the possessive passive. In that one, something you own is affected.
Don't use this when something good happens to you. For example, don't say "My friend came and I was happy" using this grammar.
Often confused with(1)
Contrasts with(2)
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