This grammar shows that someone or something is directly affected by an action. It focuses on what happened to them, not who did it.
Verb [passive form]Primary
This grammar shows that someone or something is directly affected by an action. It focuses on what happened to them, not who did it.
この本は有名な作家によって書かれました。
This book was written by a famous author.
その問題はまだ解決されていない。
That problem has not been solved yet.
兄に食べられたケーキは、とても美味しかった。
The cake that was eaten by my brother was very delicious.
会議で新しいプロジェクトが発表され、みんな驚いていた。
A new project was announced at the meeting, and everyone was surprised.
次のオリンピックはパリで開かれる予定です。
The next Olympic Games are scheduled to be held in Paris.
This is different from the indirect passive. The indirect passive shows you are affected by something else. This is also different from the honorific passive. The honorific passive uses the same words. But it shows respect, not that something was done to you.
Watch out: Group 2 verbs can be tricky. Their passive form looks like their potential form. For example, “taberareru” can mean “can eat” or “is eaten.” You must look at the rest of the sentence. If you see “ni” (に) with a person, it usually means passive. Like “ani ni taberareta” means “was eaten by my brother.”
Use this when you want to talk about something that happened. You can focus on the thing that changed. You do not need to say who did it. This makes your words sound formal. It is good for news or reports.
Often confused with(2)
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