〜にもかかわらず: This means 'even though' or 'despite'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect.

Dictionary

〜にもかかわらず

This means 'even though' or 'despite'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect.

N2 KMT7FormalStandardConjunctionMixedContrary To Expectations Or RulesGrammar

Noun + にもかかわらずPrimary

Verb [dictionary form] + にもかかわらず

い-Adjective + にもかかわらず

な-Adjective + な + にもかかわらず

This means 'even though' or 'despite'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect.

悪天候にもかかわらず、多くの観客がスタジアムに集まった。

Despite the bad weather, a large number of spectators gathered at the stadium.

FormalPastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeWeather & Geography Sports & Martial Arts

何度も警告したにもかかわらず、彼はその危険な場所へ行ってしまった。

Despite having been warned many times, he went to that dangerous place.

NeutralPastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeDaily Life

彼は体が弱いにもかかわらず、一度も仕事を休んだことがない。

Despite his weak constitution, he has never taken a day off work.

NeutralPerfectiveNegativeMid SentenceDeclarativeMedicine & Health Work & Career

状況が困難であるにもかかわらず、プロジェクトは順調に進んでいます。

Despite the difficult situation, the project is progressing smoothly.

PoliteProgressiveAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & Finance Work & Career

深夜にもかかわらず、ご対応いただき、誠にありがとうございました。

Thank you very much for handling this, despite it being late at night.

HumblePastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & Finance Work & Career

This phrase is formal. It is like wearing a suit to a picnic. You use it in writing or speeches. For talking with friends, use 'けど' or 'のに' instead. Otherwise, you might sound too stiff.

This is more formal than '〜のに'. It sounds more objective. '〜のに' is used in talking. It can show surprise or disappointment. '〜くせに' is very informal. It shows strong criticism. You cannot use it instead of this grammar.

Don't use this when you want to say what you want to do. For example, you cannot say, "Despite the rain, let's play soccer."

Contrasts with(2)

〜くせに

This means "even though" or "despite." You use it when you are upset or annoyed about something.

〜ものを

This phrase shows you are unhappy. It means something did not go as planned. You feel a good chance was lost.

More formal alternatives(4)

〜に反して

This phrase means something goes against what you expect. It shows something is different from a rule or a wish.

〜ものの

This means 'although' or 'but'. You use it to show a contrast. It is a formal way to speak or write.

〜ものの

This means 'even though' or 'although'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect. It shows a contrast between two ideas.

〜のに

This word means "even though" or "despite." You use it when something happens that you do not expect. It can show you are surprised or unhappy.

辞書形

This is the basic form of a verb. It is what you find in a dictionary. You use it to make other verb forms.

〜だ / 〜だった

This means 'is' or 'was'. It is the casual way to say 〜です and 〜でした.

〜い / 〜かった

This is the basic form of an い-adjective. It describes a quality of something. You use it for present or past qualities.

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Dictionary

〜にもかかわらず

This means 'even though' or 'despite'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect.

N2 KMT7FormalStandardConjunctionMixedContrary To Expectations Or RulesGrammar

Noun + にもかかわらずPrimary

Verb [dictionary form] + にもかかわらず

い-Adjective + にもかかわらず

な-Adjective + な + にもかかわらず

This means 'even though' or 'despite'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect.

悪天候にもかかわらず、多くの観客がスタジアムに集まった。

Despite the bad weather, a large number of spectators gathered at the stadium.

FormalPastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeWeather & Geography Sports & Martial Arts

何度も警告したにもかかわらず、彼はその危険な場所へ行ってしまった。

Despite having been warned many times, he went to that dangerous place.

NeutralPastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeDaily Life

彼は体が弱いにもかかわらず、一度も仕事を休んだことがない。

Despite his weak constitution, he has never taken a day off work.

NeutralPerfectiveNegativeMid SentenceDeclarativeMedicine & Health Work & Career

状況が困難であるにもかかわらず、プロジェクトは順調に進んでいます。

Despite the difficult situation, the project is progressing smoothly.

PoliteProgressiveAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & Finance Work & Career

深夜にもかかわらず、ご対応いただき、誠にありがとうございました。

Thank you very much for handling this, despite it being late at night.

HumblePastAffirmativeClause InitialDeclarativeBusiness & Finance Work & Career

This phrase is formal. It is like wearing a suit to a picnic. You use it in writing or speeches. For talking with friends, use 'けど' or 'のに' instead. Otherwise, you might sound too stiff.

Don't use this when you want to say what you want to do. For example, you cannot say, "Despite the rain, let's play soccer."

Contrasts with(2)

〜くせに

This means "even though" or "despite." You use it when you are upset or annoyed about something.

〜ものを

This phrase shows you are unhappy. It means something did not go as planned. You feel a good chance was lost.

More formal alternatives(4)

〜に反して

This phrase means something goes against what you expect. It shows something is different from a rule or a wish.

〜ものの

This means 'although' or 'but'. You use it to show a contrast. It is a formal way to speak or write.

〜ものの

This means 'even though' or 'although'. You use it when something happens that you do not expect. It shows a contrast between two ideas.

〜のに

This word means "even though" or "despite." You use it when something happens that you do not expect. It can show you are surprised or unhappy.

辞書形

This is the basic form of a verb. It is what you find in a dictionary. You use it to make other verb forms.

〜だ / 〜だった

This means 'is' or 'was'. It is the casual way to say 〜です and 〜でした.

〜い / 〜かった

This is the basic form of an い-adjective. It describes a quality of something. You use it for present or past qualities.

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Kumi's KMT system tracks your mastery across kanji, vocabulary, grammar, and reading. Create a free account to use it on 220,000+ concepts.

〜にもかかわらず

Patterns4

Meaning

Examples5

Nuance1

Contrasts1

Restrictions1

Compare with6

Contrasts with(2)

More formal alternatives(4)

Prerequisites3

Track your mastery

〜にもかかわらず

Patterns4

Meaning

Examples5

Nuance1

Contrasts1

Restrictions1

Compare with6

Contrasts with(2)

More formal alternatives(4)

Prerequisites3

Track your mastery