〜の末（に）

This means that after a long time or effort, something bad happened. It shows you are disappointed.

Contrasts with(2)

This means that after a long time or effort, something bad happened. It shows you are disappointed.

Indicates a result that comes at the end of a very long, arduous, or extreme process, struggle, or period of time. It often carries a dramatic or literary nuance.

More formal alternatives(1)

This phrase tells you the result of something. It shows what happened because of an action or event.

Less formal alternatives(1)

Indicates a result that comes at the end of a very long, arduous, or extreme process, struggle, or period of time. It often carries a dramatic or literary nuance.

た形

This shows an action finished in the past. It also shows something that was true before now.

〜末に

This means that something finally happened. It happened after a long time. It took much effort or thought to get there.

〜あげく

You use this when something bad happens. It comes after a long effort or a difficult process. It shows you feel sad or that your effort was wasted.

This phrase tells you the result of something. It shows what happened because of an action or event.

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Dictionary

〜の末（に）

This means something happened after a long time. It also means it took a lot of effort or was very hard to do.

N1 KMT8FormalStandardAdverbial ConstructionMixedAt The End Of A ProcessGrammar

Noun + の + 末にPrimary

Verb [た-form] + 末にPrimary

This means something happened after a long time. It also means it took a lot of effort or was very hard to do.

長年の努力の末に、彼はついに夢を実現した。

After many years of effort, he finally realized his dream.

FormalPastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeWork & Career Emotions & Psychology

色々考えた末に、大学院には進学しないことに決めた。

After much consideration, I decided not to go on to graduate school.

NeutralPastNegativeMid SentenceDeclarativeEducation

激しい議論の末の結論は、計画の延期だった。

The conclusion reached after a fierce debate was the postponement of the plan.

FormalPastAffirmativePrenominalDeclarativeBusiness & Finance Politics & Law

三日間の苦闘の末、遭難した登山者は無事救助された。

After a three-day struggle, the stranded climber was safely rescued.

FormalPastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeNature & Environment Sports & Martial Arts

熟慮の末に、来年から海外で働くことを決意します。

After careful consideration, I have decided to work abroad starting next year.

PoliteNon PastAffirmativeMid SentenceVolitionalWork & Career Travel & Transportation

Don't use this when something happens very fast. For example, don't say 'I pushed the button, and the light turned on' using this grammar.

Often confused with(1)

This means that after a long time or effort, something bad happened. It shows you are disappointed.

Contrasts with(2)

This means that after a long time or effort, something bad happened. It shows you are disappointed.

Indicates a result that comes at the end of a very long, arduous, or extreme process, struggle, or period of time. It often carries a dramatic or literary nuance.

More formal alternatives(1)

This phrase tells you the result of something. It shows what happened because of an action or event.

Less formal alternatives(1)

Indicates a result that comes at the end of a very long, arduous, or extreme process, struggle, or period of time. It often carries a dramatic or literary nuance.

た形

This shows an action finished in the past. It also shows something that was true before now.

〜末に

This means that something finally happened. It happened after a long time. It took much effort or thought to get there.

〜あげく

You use this when something bad happens. It comes after a long effort or a difficult process. It shows you feel sad or that your effort was wasted.