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    Dictionary
    1. Dictionary
    2. Grammar
    3. 〜し

    〜し

    〜し

    You use this to list reasons or things. It means "and also" or "not only... but also...". It shows there are other reasons too.

    N4KMT2CasualParticleMixedCasual Reason And ExcuseGrammar

    Clause + しPrimary

    You use this to list reasons or things. It means "and also" or "not only... but also...". It shows there are other reasons too.

    このレストランは安やすいし、美お味いしいし、いつも混こんでいる。

    This restaurant is cheap and delicious, so it's always crowded.

    NeutralNon PastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeFood & Dining
    「どうして来こなかったの?」「だって、雨あめも降ふっていたし…」

    "Why didn't you come?" "Well, it was raining, for one thing..."

    CasualPastAffirmativeSentence EndingDeclarativeDaily LifeWeather & Geography
    お金かねはないし、時じ間かんもないし、今こん度どの旅りょ行こうは無む理りそうだ。

    I don't have money, and I don't have time either, so this trip seems impossible.

    NeutralNon PastNegativeMid SentenceConjecturalTravel & TransportationDaily Life
    彼かれはハンサムだし、頭あたまもいいし、スポーツも万ばんの能うだ。

    He's handsome, smart, and also great at sports.

    NeutralNon PastAffirmativeMid SentenceDeclarativeFamily & Relationships
    もう帰かえりなよ。子こ供どもたちも待まってるし。

    You should go home already. Your kids are waiting, you know. (implies this is a compelling reason)

    CasualProgressiveAffirmativeSentence EndingDeclarativeFamily & RelationshipsDaily Life

    This is different from other words that give reasons. '〜から' gives one clear reason. '〜(ん)だから' shows a reason that everyone should know. It often leads to an order. '〜(だ)もん' is more about feelings. It is often used to make excuses. '〜し' is softer. It means there are other reasons too, even if you don't say them. It is not as strong as '〜から' or '〜(ん)だから'.

    Don't use this when you want to be polite. For example, say "天気がいいし" not "天気がいいですし".

    Use this when you want to give a reason but not say the full conclusion. You let the listener guess the rest. This makes what you say sound softer.

    Contrasts with(1)

    〜から

    This word tells you the reason for something. It is like saying 'because' or 'so' in English. It connects an action to its cause.

    辞書形

    This is the basic form of a verb. It is what you find in a dictionary. You use it to make other verb forms.

    〜い / 〜かった

    This is the basic form of an い-adjective. It describes a quality of something. You use it for present or past qualities.

    〜だ / 〜だった

    This means 'is' or 'was'. It is the casual way to say 〜です and 〜でした.

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    Related concepts for this entry

    contrasts_with

    • 〜から

    prerequisite

    • 辞書形
    • 〜い / 〜かった
    • 〜だ / 〜だった
    • しかも
    • それに
    • 〜わけでもあるまいし
    • 〜ことだし

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